Backside volumetric change in the polyethylene of uncemented acetabular components

A. H. Krieg, MD, Orthopaedic Surgeon*; B. M. Speth, MD, Research Fellow*; and P. E. Ochsner, MD, Professor**

* Orthopaedic Department University Children’s Hospital (UKBB), P. O. Box, Römergasse 8, 4005 Basel, Switzerland.
** Orthopaedic Department Kantonsspital Liestal, Rheinstrasse 26, 4410 Liestal, Switzerland.

Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery - British Volume, Vol 91-B, Issue 8, 1037-1043. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.91B8.21850 Copyright © 2009 by British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery

Abstract - Polyethylene wear of acetabular components is a key factor in the development of periprosthetic osteolysis and wear at the articular surface has been well documented and quantified, but fewer data are available about changes which occur at the backside of the liner.

At revision surgery for loosening of the femoral component we retrieved 35 conventional modular acetabular liners of the same design. Linear and volumetric articular wear, backside volumetric change and the volume of the screw-head indentations were quantified. These volumes, clinical data and the results from radiological Ein Bild Röntgen Analyse migration analysis were used to identify potential factors influencing the volumetric articular wear and backside volumetric change.

The rate of backside volumetric change was found to be 2.8% of the rate of volumetric articular wear and decreased with increasing liner size. Migrated acetabular components showed significantly higher rates of backside volumetric change plus screw-head indentations than those without migration.

The backside volumetric change was at least ten times larger than finite-element simulation had suggested. In a stable acetabular component with well-anchored screws, the amount of backside wear should not cause clinical problems. Impingement of the screw-heads could produce more wear particles than those generated at the liner-shell interface. Because the rate of backside volumetric change is only 2.8% of the rate of volumetric articular wear and since creep is likely to contribute a significant portion to this, the debris generated by wear at the backside of the liner may not be sufficient to create a strong osteolytic response.